哪个是实验室数据备份的最佳选择？

实验室分析数据存储和检索是实验室的主要问题，原因如下：

• 沟通的结果可能导致接受或拒绝托运
• 在争议的情况下，分析结果可以重新验证
• Analytical results generated by forensic and other certified laboratories are admissible as evidence in legal disputes
• Results of research projects can provide useful guidance for future continuation of related work by other scientists

Traditionally analysis results were stored as hard copies in form of laboratory records such as worksheets, graphical presentations, laboratory notebooks and analysis reports. Such records, however, are vulnerable to loss due to mismanagement, fires or other natural disasters and also subject to manipulation.

Today modern laboratories adopt electronic means of data storage and retrieval which can be both on-site as well as at a remote site.

现场存储媒体

软盘受到大约2到3年的流行。但是，由于存储空间限制，它们已经过时了

External Hard diskssuperseded floppy disks on account of their higher storage capacities and ease of use. External hard disks could be connected via local interfaces such as SCSI, USB and also over longer distances through Ethernet or fiber channels. A disadvantage of hard disks has been their susceptibility to damage and stability of data over long term storage

Optical storage devices如CD，DVD或蓝光光盘。这种媒体易于处理，便携和长期维护数据完整性，但与硬盘和磁带相比，存储容量较低

固态设备such as digital cards and USB flash drives offer a convenient option as they are both removable and rewritable and have storage capacities above 500 GB or even up to 2 TB. Such devices can be even carried in the pocket

Magnetic tapes提供大量数据的批量存储。由于顺序访问媒体检索数据可能很慢，但书写率或读数可以非常快

Disadvantages of onsite storage

现场备份通常存储在实验室建筑中，可以在洪水或地震等火灾或自然灾害中销毁

Online storage

Online storage can be in the form of an internal hard disk in the system which stores data almost simultaneously in fractions of a second. Online storage is susceptible to being deleted, overwritten by accident or through malafide intentions.

远程站点数据保护或云计算

Cloud computing or remote site data protection involves transmission of data over a proprietary or public network to an off-site server. The server is hosted and maintained by a third party service provider against payment decided on the basis of capacity, bandwidth or number of users

Advantages of cloud computing

• 数据是安全的，因为它没有自然灾害或实验室发生的事故
• 128 - 448位加密为文件提供安全性。即使通过未安全的网络发送数据，加密也提供安全备份
• 在服务提供商位置的加密数据存储是安全的，因为没有加密密钥就无法读取
• Backup at remote site does not disturb your routine activities as it is automatic. You can even keep a track on what was stored at what time during the day
• Online backup saves costs on both hardware and software required for on-site storage which further contributes to savings in terms of energy consumption
• Your online backup provider takes care of data backup and its security. This gives you freedom from worries related to data loss or alteration by vested interests

Disadvantages of cloud computing

• Data transfer speed is dependent on available network bandwidth, upload limits or firewalls set up by the service provider
• 如果服务提供商失业，或者所有权可访问性的变化或使用条款可能会在一段时间内受到影响
• 加密密码的丢失将访问不可能的数据

远程站点数据备份提供的优势远远超过了缺点，从长远来看，只要需要，可以在需要时存储大量数据的理想解决方案。