什么是实验室标准和参考材料？

标准s and reference materials play a crucial role in any analysis. It is just not possible to imagine any analysis in which a standard reference is not involved. Identification of sample components can be made only against reference to a known standard. Similarly the amount of any component in the sample can be determined by comparison of observed response with the response obtained from unknown quantity of a standard in the same sample matrix and under identical experimental conditions.

标准

标准is a material used to check the quality and metrological traceability of products, validate analytical methods or for calibration of analytical instruments.

Reference Material

Reference material is a homogeneous and stable compound with respect to one or more specified properties which have been established for use in a measurement process

认证的参考材料

Certified reference material is characterized by a valid procedure for one or more specified properties. It is accompanied by a certificate of analysis that guarantees the value of the specified property, its associated uncertainty and statement of metrological traceability

标准在校准中的作用

Calibration plays an important role in establishing reliability of analysis results generated by accredited laboratories in compliance withISO 17025：2005. Such laboratories rely heavily on certified reference materials.

测量可追溯性

Measurement traceability relates to the value of a standard which can be associated with national or international standard bodies through an unbroken chain of comparison all having stated uncertainties.

标准参考材料的类型

Reference materials can be sourced from globally recognized standard bodies such asNIST. These are available as:

• 非常高的纯度级化学物质或化合物，其特征是主要成分的化学纯度和微量杂质。
• 由成分的化学计量混合制备的液体或气体混合物在正确的比例中。
• 制备有正确比例的感兴趣组成部分的合成混合物，以达到普遍可接受的基质组成。还可以从特定位置的矿物质，来自特定天然水体的水，例如河流，湖泊，海洋等收集标准。
• Physico-chemical standards with characteristic properties such as melting point, boiling point, light transmittance, viscosity, hardness, etc which can be used for establishing identity of materials.
• Food standards developed for desired taste, odour, colour, texture, etc.

The basis of correct use of standards is their proper storage under recommended conditions, proper handling and replacement before date of expiry without a break in the traceability chain.